Sorry this has taken so long!!! Tone mapping is the extension of the dynamic range of an image in an HDRi. An HDR is the processing of three or more images of different exposures [most cameras have a bracketing feature which will do this automatically... normal, +1, and - 1F stop]. Photomatrix Pro, Dynamic-Photo HDR and others have processing programs that convert those three images into an HDRi [i means image]. Tone mapping is the second part of the process... it re-translates the image into something that visually makes sense. This where we enter into the program and adjust the image, with various controls, to correspond with our idea of the image.
RAW is simply shooting in a high dynamic range that is not yet compacted into a jpeg image... so you get to make adjustments and changes to the image before it is compacted... giving you a great deal more control in the eventual image outcome!
Where you live it would be so nice to have a way of doing your surroundings justice. Maybe as an interim solution you might want to think about the solution my wife and I came up with. We just could not afford a DSLR with lenses etc. so we each bought a hybrid. We each use a Panasonic DMZ-FZ18. You can probably pick one up on line for around $300 and it has good optics, an 18X zoom [same as a 500mm], superb image stabilization, macro with minimum focus of 1cm., auto or manual settings, accepts filters, etc. It doesn't have as large an imaging area as a DSLR nor does it shoot as many frames per second but for the same price as a good "point and shoot" you have most of the creative options but without the huge financial outlay. Something to consider... and has a lot more going for it than I stated!!!
RAW is simply shooting in a high dynamic range that is not yet compacted into a jpeg image... so you get to make adjustments and changes to the image before it is compacted... giving you a great deal more control in the eventual image outcome!
Take care!